2-Aryl-3-methyloctahydrophenanthrene-2,3,7-triols as potent dissociated glucocorticoid receptor agonists

J Med Chem. 2015 Mar 26;58(6):2658-77. doi: 10.1021/jm501601b. Epub 2015 Mar 17.

Abstract

A significant improvement in agonist activity of the previously described 2-aryloctahydrophenanthrene-2,3,7-triol series of dissociated glucocorticoid receptor agonists (DAGRs) was achieved by modifying the substitution at C3 from (S)-3-hydroxy to (R)-3-hydroxy-3-methyl. The IC50 of the prototype 13 in the efficacy assay measuring repression of IL-1 induced MMP-13 expression was 3.5 nM, exhibiting 87% of the maximal effect of dexamethasone (DEX). It displayed a dissociated profile by exhibiting 42% of the maximal effect of DEX in a mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) luciferase reporter transactivation assay. Compound 13 and analogues containing heterocyclic replacements for the C2 phenyl and modified B rings showed high repression of TNFα production in human whole blood, with IC50 values (43-167 nM) approaching the level of DEX (21 nM). On the basis of X-ray structures and force field calculations, the overall potency of this series was attributed to a favorable conformation of the C2α phenyl, induced by the neighboring C3α methyl.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Cell Line
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Dexamethasone / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-1 / immunology
  • Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse / genetics
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / genetics
  • Mice
  • Models, Molecular
  • Phenanthrenes / chemistry*
  • Phenanthrenes / pharmacology*
  • Receptors, Glucocorticoid / agonists*
  • Receptors, Glucocorticoid / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / blood
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / immunology
  • Up-Regulation / drug effects

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Interleukin-1
  • Phenanthrenes
  • Receptors, Glucocorticoid
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Dexamethasone
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13